Yikes! 1000 apologies, but: Al Denelsbeck points out that we (OK, I) posted inconsistent information regarding the deadline for entering the Photography Contest. Consistently with the original post, let us say that entries close in approximately 1 week, July 20 at 12:00 MDT (UTC-6).
Please do not forget the Photography Contest. Entries close next Monday.
I was walking yesterday on the University of Colorado campus, past a semi-maintained garden, when I saw a tomato growing out of a thistle. iNaturalist informs me that it is Urophora cardui – thistle stem gall fly, on what I think is Cirsium arvense – creeping thistle. I will keep an eye out for the fly and the larva(e), though I imagine the fly has laid her egg(s) and gone on her way.
Like Coppedge's post, this one shows an image of a Tuatara. It is by
Michael Hamilton and is from Wikimedia and is under
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license. I think
that this one is better.
A frequent contributor of posts at the Discovery Institute’s
site “Science and Culture Today”, David Coppedge, has sternly lectured us
evolutionary biologists: we “need a refresher course in natural selection”. He is
really trying to straighten us out, wagging finger and all.
I agree that someone needs a refresher, but in this case
think it’s David Coppedge. Did he ever get “freshed” in the
first place?
Let’s look at the points he made, and see whether any
of them are misconceptions, particularly ones we have
exposed here as misconceptions, long before Coppege’s
call for a refresher course.
Coppedge sets out his task thusly:
Abuses of the concept of natural selection abound not only in science news articles but in research papers in major scientific journals as well. It’s time for a remedial course.
At best, natural selection allows the fortunate to continue existing. I say fortunate, because a mindless process could not care what exists or not, and there is no guarantee that survivors will represent an improvement over what existed before; the survivors might be lucky bums. At worst, natural selection (hereafter NS) commits the fallacy of personification, ascribing the power of choice to impersonal happenstance. This makes as much sense as speaking of “natural voting.” NS doesn’t care who wins. NS is not a person. Extinction is just as valid an outcome of “selection” as innovating a new organ, eye, or wing. Other blatant cases of personification can be found in descriptions of NS as a “blind watchmaker” or a “tinkerer” or a “driver” and in Dawkins’ concept of “selfish genes.”
Before continuing, clear your mind of any idea of foresight, plan, or purpose as we consider what natural selection means and does not mean. Notice I do not call NS a process. The word “process” carries with it the baggage of programming or an algorithm. NS has neither.
Oy! “impersonal happenstance” does not tend to result in organisms with greater fitness? The particular
happenstances that we talk about when we call them natural selection certainly do. Fitness is
a combination of viability and fertility. And when an indvidual has higher fitness, it survives
better and/or has greater fertility. Its descendants are better-represented in the next
generation. By definition. No personification needed. It is just a matter of
bookkeeping. And that bookkeeping results in changes in the genetic
composition of the population.
Wasn’t Coppedge taught this in his high school (secondary school) biology class?
Or in college? He has a B.S. degree in science education. Maybe he missed a
few lectures. The university where he studied was Bob Jones University. Maybe
there was no good lecture on natural selection.
The 17th annual Panda’s Thumb Photography Contest begins now, Monday, June 29, at 12:00 p.m., MDT (MDT = UTC(GMT) – 6 h). Owing to the short notice (we have been preoccupied), we will accept entries between now and Monday, July 20, at 12:00 p.m., MDT. The rules are precisely the same as previous years’, except, obviously, that the dates have been updated.
We encourage entries in a single, general category, which includes pictures of just about anything of scientific interest: any object of experimentation or observation, from single-celled organisms, through nematodes, fruit flies, rats, chimpanzees, and college sophomores to volcanoes, stars, and galaxies. In order not to omit theoreticians, we will consider computer-generated pictures and also photographs of equipment. Photomicrographs and electron micrographs are likewise welcomed.
Glenn Branch of NCSE has generously offered the following books as prizes: Edward Humes, Monkey Girl (2007), and Larry A. Witham, Where Darwin Meets the Bible (2002) Andrew J. Petto and Laurie R. Godfrey, eds., Scientists Confront Intelligent Design and Creationism (2007) (the book by Larry Witham is not available). The winner may have his or her choice; the runner-up will be offered the remaining book.
If we get enough entries, consistently with Rules 11 and 12, we may add categories and award additional prizes, presuming, of course, that we can find more prizes.